ARTICLE: Navigating the Regulatory and Ethical Challenges of Artificial Intelligence: The European Commission’s AI Act and new proposals

By Mr. Salvatore Gabriele, ELGS Alumnus

This article offers a critical examination of the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act, the first comprehensive legal framework for AI regulation globally, alongside complementary initiatives such as the AI Office and the AI Continent Action Plan. It analyses the Act’s risk-based classification system, regulatory obligations applicable to foundation models, and developers’ duties regarding transparency, data governance, and copyright compliance. Particular attention is given to the integration of ethical principles, including explainability, fairness, and human oversight. The article further explores the legal and policy tensions between innovation and regulation, assessing the European Union’s strategic approach to global AI governance and technological sovereignty.

Navigating the Regulatory and Ethical Challenges of Artificial Intelligence: The European Commission’s AI Act and new proposals